Despite what some think, employers also do not set out to cheat and steal

Earlier this year, I engaged in a debate with plaintiff’s attorney (and author of the excellent employee-side blog, Screw You Guys, I’m Going Home) Donna Ballman over whether discrimination lawsuits are sins of commission or omission. I argued that most employers are well-intentioned, but sometimes act out of inexperience with the complexities of myriad employment laws. Donna argued that many employers act out of malice and deserve to be on the receiving end of discrimination lawsuits.

Last week, writing at Aol Jobs, Donna turned her attention to wage and hour laws. She listed “10 tricks employers use to cheat workers out of overtime.” Donna’s premise, however, is faulty. Managers and executives are not spending their days in locked, smoke-filled conference rooms scheming how to cheat extra hours and steal overtime pay from their employees. Paychecks and timesheets are neither a ploy nor a tactic. Instead, most employers are well-intentioned but ignorant. They are ignorant of the myriad, twisted rules and regulations that govern why, when, to whom, and how much overtime is to be paid.

It’s no secret that I believe the Fair Labor Standards Act is woefully outdated and needs a modernized, top-to-bottom rewrite. As I’ve written before:

Congress enacted the FLSA during the Great Depression to combat the sweatshops that had taken over our manufacturing sector. In the 70+ years that have passed, it has evolved, via a complex web of regulations and interpretations, into an anachronistic maze of rules that even the best-intentioned employer cannot hope to comply with. I would bet any employer in this country a free wage and hour audit that I can find an FLSA violation in your pay practices. A regulatory scheme that is impossible to meet does not make sense to keep alive. Instead, what employers and employees need is a more streamlined system to ensure that workers are paid a fair wage.

Reforming the system into a manageable and understandable set of rules is the best means to ensure that workers are paid a full wage for all hours worked. The system, as it is currently set up, dooms even the most well-meaning employer to failure.

WIRTW #233 (the “Duck Soup” edition)

Yesterday, my friend Dan Schwartz (an A+ employment law blogger) published his (Not So) Definitive Top 10 List of Employment Lawyers To Follow Online (in response to another list published by the HR Examiner). Needless to say, I want to thank Dan for featuring me so prominently on his list. Thanks also to Molly DiBianca (another A+ employment law blogger) and Heather Bussing (writing at HR Examiner), who both had some very kind words to say about yours truly on their blogs in the last 24 hours.

If I was acting as curator of a list such as Dan’s, the only change I’d make is to swap Dan’s name for mine. You cannot go wrong reading the content of anyone he lists, and I’m proud to have all as colleagues and friends. If you are not following each of the employment lawyers recommended by Dan, you are missing out.

Here’s the rest of what I read this week:

Discrimination

• EEOC settles complaint over heavy equipment operator with epilepsy — from Walter Olson’s Overlawyered
• Ignoring complaints about air conditioning could subject a business to a discrimination claim — from Employment Law Bits
• EEOC Sends Confusing Signal to Employers — from Hiring & Firing
• It’s tough to prove age bias after getting caught sleeping on the job — from Eric Meyer’s The Employer Handbook Blog
• Huh? EEOC’s now searching for cases of ‘beauty bias’? — from HR Morning

Social Media & Workplace Technology

• BYOD policies jacking up companies’ IT costs — from Boy Genius Report
• Know when to leverage BYOD and when to forget it — from Consumerization Blog
• Cool Things: Deron Williams Signing His New Contract on an iPad — from iPad Insight
• 6 Personal Secrets Your Facebook Profile Isn’t Keeping — from Mashable
• PA Judge Provides Social Media Discovery Rundown — from Phil Miles’s Lawffice Space
• Reading a non-friend’s comment on Facebook wall was not a privacy invasion — from Internet Cases
• Should HR Have Facebook Friends at Work — from hr bartender
• Is Social Media the NEW Smoke Break? — from The Buzz on HR
• Did Glassdoor’s Integration With Facebook Make Your Coworkers’ “Anonymous” Salaries Less Anonymous? — from Kashmir Hill’s The Not-So Private Parts

HR & Employee Relations

• Is Your Boss a Bert or an Ernie? — from Molly DiBianca’s Delaware Employment Law Blog
• Chicken and stitches — from Charlie Plumb’s EmployerLINC
• Why You Should Send Out Rejection Letters — from Above the Law
• HR Lessons from Higgs Boson — from Stephanie Thomas’s The Proactive Employer Blog
• Are flexible schedules a blessing or a curse? — from Evil HR Lady, Suzanne Lucas
• Pros and Cons of Suing the Ex-Employee’s New Employer — from Delaware Non-Compete Law Blog
• Penn State Adopts New Policy on Employee Background Checks — from Nick Fishman’s employeescreenIQ Blog
• How to Conduct Fair and Unbiased Investigation Interviews — from Dawn Lomer’s i-Sight Investigation Software Blog

Wage & Hour

• Supervisor’s Comments After Employee Seeks Leave for Hysterectomy Creates Viable FMLA Claims — from Jeff Nowak’s FMLA Insights
• Be careful what you ask for: retaliatory counterclaims under the FMLA — from John Holmquist’s Michigan Employment Law Connection
• How to Reduce the Salary of Exempt Level Employees — from Mike Haberman at Blogging4Jobs
• Courts Split over FLSA Damages for Emotional Distress — from Smart HR Manager
• Hiring Kids — from Texas Employer Handbook

Labor Relations

• Is It Time We Finally Part Ways With the National Labor Relations Act? — from TLNT
• Independence Day Incrementalism: NLRB (Again) Expands On Precedent By Ruling Employer Off-Duty Access Rule Unlawful — from Labor Relations Update
• NLRB Finds Union Waiver in Two Recent Decisions, Including the Closely-Watched Hospital Flu Shot Case — from Healthcare Employment Counsel

When defending employment cases, chasing attorneys’ fees is a snipe hunt

My summer reading list includes Joel Stein’s Man Made: A Stupid Quest for Masculinity. The book recounts the self-proclaimed effete Stein’s journey to become more masculine in the wake of the birth of his son. In one chapter, Stein spends a weekend with a boy scout troop to learn how to camp. The troop’s hazing includes sending Stein on a snipe hunt. For the uninitiated, a snipe hunt is a practical joke played on inexperienced campers, who are sent to hunt an imaginary bird or animal (the snipe).

Believe it or not, snipe hunts have something to do with defending discrimination cases. Often, I hear this outrage from clients: “I can’t believe we’re being sued for this. I want to counter-sue to collect our attorneys’ fees!” Yes, there are statutes and rules in place that permit a defendant, in certain and extreme circumstances, to collect their attorneys’ fees from the plaintiff. But, there are few cases that will meet this high threshold for recovery. In reality, the likelihood of a judge ordering that a plaintiff-employee pay the defendant-employer’s attorneys’ fees under one of these fee-shifting mechanisms is on par with winning the lottery.

If you want to take any solace from this loser-doesn’t-pay system, consider these words, published yesterday by the 6th Circuit Court of Appeals, in Gibson v. Solideal USA, Inc. [pdf]:

As an initial general proposition, we are not entirely unsympathetic to Solideal’s position. Statutes designed to empower employees in the vindication of their rights may, at times, be used as bases on which a plaintiff asserts claims that are later determined to be without merit. Undeniably, large employers may be forced to incur significant litigation expenses in defending against such claims. However, if this Court were to follow the course now advocated by Solideal, it would effectively hold that a plaintiff who elects to forgo formal discovery and whose claims are unable to withstand summary judgment is responsible for paying all fees and costs the defendant incurred in connection with the litigation. This is a bridge too far.

Litigation is time consuming and expensive. Some cases (such as the one discussed yesterday by Dan Schwartz, at his Connecticut Employment Law Blog) can go on for a decade. We all have principles. We don’t like to pay money to an undeserving plaintiff when we know that we are right. And, when we prove that we are right, we think the plaintiff should pay us for our grief and aggravation. The system, however, is not set up to reward even the most deserving of employers in this way. The sooner employers realize that chasing reimbursement of their attorneys’ fees is a litigation snipe hunt, the sooner they can focus their efforts on the task at hand, concluding the case as quickly and cost-effectively as possible.

The season of the witch? The ADA and seasonal affective disorder

One thing we Clevelanders are really good at is complaining about the weather. For much of last week we approached 100 degrees, and we complained it was too hot. Yet, if it was a temperate 70, we’d complain that it’s too cool for July. And don’t even get me started about winter—too cold, too much snow, when is it going to get warm. Well, it’s been plenty warm, and the complaints keep on flowing.

Did you know that there exists a genuine psychiatric condition based on people’s weather-related moods? It’s called seasonal affective disorder, a mood disorder in which people who have normal mental health throughout most of the year experience depressive symptoms as the seasons change.

Like most psychiatric conditions, seasonal affective disorder has made its way into the workplace. In Ekstrand v. School District of Somerset (7th Cir. 6/26/12), the court upheld a jury verdict on a teacher’s claim under the ADA that her employer failed to accommodate her seasonal affective disorder by refusing to transfer her to a classroom with natural light.

If an employee asks for an office with a view, do not necessarily write him or her off as a complaining, high-maintenance pain-in-the-you-know-what. If, like Ranae Ekstrand, an employee presents a physician’s note documenting a condition, take it seriously by seriously considering whether it presents that much of an imposition to find the employee some natural light during the work day. Some consideration and a small reasonable accommodation might save you a half-million dollar judgment.

The EEOC and racial harassment: calling a spade a s---e

The EEOC has published a website detailing 42 racial harassment cases it has litigated over the past three years. The purpose of the website, I think, is to bring awareness to the agency’s efforts to combat this insidious form of discrimination. Sexual harassment cases often get the headlines, but racial harassment is just as damaging, if not more so, to its victims. By raising awareness of the fact that racial harassment is just as illegal as its more well-known cousin, the EEOC can increase the number of charges filed, helping to bring an end to this awful antebellum remnant.

The EEOC’s micro-site discusses racist workplace practices such as nooses, racially offensive comments such as “coon,” “gorilla,” and “porch monkey,” and jokes, cartoons and images that denigrate African-Americans.

What I find curious, though, is that while the agency rightfully has no problem recounting any of these allegations, it apparently has a huge problem republishing the word “nigger.” While several of the reported cases allege the use of that word, the word itself does not appear anywhere in the EEOC’s microsite. Instead, the agency uses shorthand such as “n----r” or “N-word.” Of course, we all know what these abbreviations mean. When reading, no one says “n-hyphen-hyphen-hyphen-hyphen-r” in their heads; you repeat the word, unabbreviated, in all of its ugliness.

Employment law can be dirty, and no cases are dirtier than harassment cases. Sexual harassment cases can involve words such as “bitch” and “cunt.” Sexual orientation harassment cases can involve words such as “fag.” And, racial harassment cases can involve words like “nigger.” Repeating the words in the context of the litigation neither facilitates nor perpetrates their hatred. In fact, the converse is true. Exposing the words for what they are is the most effective means to eliminate them from our workplaces. No problem was ever solved by sweeping it under the rug, and the EEOC’s politically-correct blinders are not helping rid America’s workplaces of this hateful word.

Of new dogs and new employees: communicating value is key

Last Thursday, my family and I drove to Battle Creek, Michigan, to pick up our new puppy. I cannot give the breeder (Jon Peck, Midnight Run Vizslas) higher marks. He spent two hours with us explaining the ins and outs of what we could expect with our new dog. He provided pointers on the peculiarities of the breed, and what he had observed with our particular pup over the eight weeks since she had been born. He even cleaned her ears and bathed her before we took her home. I don't know what your experiences have been when acquiring a new dog, but, based on mine and my wife's, this was above and beyond. Most importantly, it made us feel valued—that Jon truly and deeply cares not only about his dogs, but also about the homes to which they are going and the positive experiences of new owners. We are making a substantial investment of time in our new dog, and the time spent with us before we took her home shows that out commitment is valued.

This lesson translates well to the workplace. Each employee you hire is an investment. Yet, what is the first day of work like for many employees? A quiet room with a stack of forms to sign, maybe a cursory explanation of the employee handbook, and a tour of the facility? What does this half-assed stab at an orientation say about value? Does your new hire feel like a valued part of a team, or like a fungible and replaceable cog? An employee's first day of work—the orientation to your workplace and culture—should be the first step in communicating to that employee the investment you are making (i.e., that they are valued). It should not be viewed as an administrative burden to be overcome before the employee can start producing.

We would not love our dog any less if our experience was a simple exchange of a check for a pup. Yet, the time spent with us reinforces that we made a great choice for our family. The same should hold true for your relationship with your employees. Teach them their import from day one by making orientation a meaningful, and memorable, experience.

WIRTW #232 (the “welcome to the family” edition)

Everyone say hello to Loula Mae, our new family member (a vizsla, in case you’re curious).

Here’s the rest of what I read this week:

Discrimination

• 5 reasonable accommodations an employer never dreamed it would have to make — from Robin Shea’s Employment and Labor Insider
• Class Now Trumps Race as the Great Divide in America — from The Atlantic
• EEOC initiates own investigation into looks-based discrimination — from Warren & Associates Blog
• Court Curbs Long Investigatory Arm of the EEOC - Twice — from Workplace Class Action Litigation
• One federal appellate court outlines parameters for “hostile work environment” claim — from Employment Law Matters
• Domino’s may be liable for sexual harassment of franchisee’s employees — from Judy Greenwald at Business Insurance

Social Media & Workplace Technology

• Workplace Email: The Devil Made Me Do It — from Molly DiBianca’s Delaware Employment Law Blog
• Are You Sharing Too Much Online? — from Social Media Today
• Employment Litigation in the Digital Age — from Technology for HR
• Will using Dropbox put your CEO in jail? — from gigaom

HR & Employee Relations

• Why my child will be your child’s boss — from Suzanne Lucas (the Evil HR Lady), writing at CBS Money Watch
• Why Nipple Tape Doesn’t Cure Workplace Conflict — from Blogging4Jobs
• Workplace Trends: The Talking Urinal Cake — from Workplace Diva
• Employee Handbooks – Are They Really Necessary? — from Employment Essentials

Wages, Hours, & Benefits

• Supreme Court of Pennsylvania grants review of $187-million class action judgment against Wal-Mart — from How Appealing
• Is Time Spent Filling Your Prescription at Walgreens Covered by FMLA? — from Jeff Nowak’s FMLA Insights
• DOL Issues Employee Guide to the Family and Medical Leave Act — from Hiring & Firing
• Why Did Roberts Reach the Commerce Clause on Obamacare? — from Phil Miles’s Lawffice Space

Labor Relations

• Directing Employees To Hand Out Leaflets A Violation, NLRB Rules — from Labor Relations Update
• Is Your At-Will Disclaimer a Ticking Time-Bomb? — from Labor Relations Institute
• How to Save Unions by Making Them Weaker — from Forbes
• NLRB Continues To Crack Down On Employer Social Media Policies and Continues to Leave Doubt On What Provisions Designed To Protect Trade Secrets and Confidential Information Will Withstand Its Scrutiny — from Trading Secrets